FAQ.FirewallsRouters/ru: Difference between revisions
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~~red:?????? ? ???????? ????????, ??? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????: FAQ - Firewalls and Routers ??? ???????? ? ?????? ????????: ?????~~
- 1. ??? ????? "????????"?
- 2. ??? ????? "??????"?
- 3. ??? ? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ? ???? ???????
- 4. ??? ??????, ???? ? ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????????????????
- 5. ??? ? ???? ?????????, ????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????
- 6. ????? ???? ? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????????
- 7. ??? ? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ? Shareaza?
- 8. ??? ? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ? Shareaza?
1. ??? ????? "????????"?
???????? - ??? ??????????, ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ????????????????? ???????, ???????? ???????? ? ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????. ??????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????. ??? ????????? ??????????? ???????: ??? ???????????? ?????? ?? ?????? PC ? ? ????. ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????????????, ? Windows XP ???? ????? ?????????? ? ??? ?? ??????????? ????????. ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????? ? Shareaza, ?? ????????? ???????? ???????? ? ????? ??????????? ??????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ??? ?????? ? ?????????? Shareaza.
2. ??? ????? "??????"?
??? - ??????????, ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ? ????????-??????????. ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????. ??????????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? (NAT). ????????? ISP (??????????) ???????????? ??? ????????, ? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? DSL-??????.
???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????, ??? PC, ???????????? ?? ????????, ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????????. ???????????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ? ?????????, ?????????? "???????????????? ??????". ???? ?? ??????????? ?????????, ????????????? ????????? ???? (LAN) (??? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????, ????? ??? ???????????????? ?????????), ??, ?????? ?????, ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ???????, ? ???, ????? ???????????????? ???. ? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ?????????? ? ??????? (?????????) ??????????????? ? ????????? ??? ???????????????? ?????? ??? ???. ? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????, ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???, ????????, ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? p2p-??????? ? ?? ????, ???? ?? ???????????? ????????????, ? ??? ????????????? ?? ????????? ??????, ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????????, ????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?????? "? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????????" ? ?????????? ? ?????? ??????????? -> ????????? Shareaza -> ???????? -> ??????????.
3. ??? ? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ? ???? ???????
????????? ???? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ?? ????. ??? ?????????? ??????, ??? ??? ISP ????? ???????? ??? ???????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????, ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ? ???????, ? ???????? ? ????? ???????. ????? ??????, ????? ?? ? ??? ?????? ??? ???, ?????????? ?????? ??????????:
- ???????? ????????? ???? ? ???????? ????? '?????????...', ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????.
- ? ???? ????, ??????? cmd ? ???????? OK. (??? Windows 95, 98 ? Me, ??????? ?????? ????? command, ???? winipcfg.
- ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????. ? ???? ????, ??????? ??????? ipconfig. ????, ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????? ? ???? ? ??????? ????????: ipconfig>IPconfigInfo.txt
- ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????, ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????, ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????. ??????? ??????????, ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????????. ??? ?????? ??????????, ???????? ???????? IP-Address (IP-?????), Subnet Mask (????? ???????) ? Standard Gateway (??????????? ????). ?????? ???????? ???????? IP-??????? ?????? ??????????, ? ?????? ???????? IP-????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ? ??? (???? ??? ?? ???, ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????????, ???????????? ???? ??? ?????????).
???? ? ??? ????? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????, ? IP ????? ???????? IP ???????. ??? ???? IP, ?????? ?????, ?????????? ? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?????????, ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ? 10.x.x.x, ???? ? 192.168.x.x, ???? ? ????-?????? ????? 172.16.x.x ? 172.31.x.x. ???? ???? IP ?????????? ? ????-????, ???????????? ? ???????????? ?????????, ?? ? ??? ????????????? ??????? ??????. ???? ????????? ? ??? IP ?? ????????? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ????????, ?? ??????? ? ??? ???.
- ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????, ??? ? ??? ??????? ??????, ???????? IP ??????????, ? ????? - IP ???????. ??? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????????????? ???????.
?????????: ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ? ???, ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ?? ?? ????????? ???????, ??? ????????? ? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?????????? ?????? ???????????: ??? ISP ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????????; ?? ????? ??????? NAT-?????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??????????????. ???????? (?? ?? ???????????), ??? ????????? ? ??? IP ? ????????? ?? 172.16.x.x ?? 172.31.x.x ? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????. ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????, ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????????????? ?????? ISP.
4. ??? ??????, ???? ? ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????????????????
???????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????, ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? - ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??????. ??? ???, ???? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ? ????? ???????????? (???). ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???????????, ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????????, ? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ????????? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? (????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????), Shareaza ?????? ?????? ???????????, ? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????? Shareaza. ??????????? ?????????????? ????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????????, ???????? ??? BitTorrent-?????????, ? ????? - ??? ????????? G2, ?? ??, ?????? ?????, ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????? Shareaza, ? ?????????, ???? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ??????.
5. ??? ? ???? ?????????, ????????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????
????? ????????? ????? ????????, ???????? ???????????, ??????????? ?????: ????????? ??? ?????? ? ????????.
6. ????? ???? ? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????????
??? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? TCP ? UDP ??? ???? ?????, ??????? ?????????? Shareaza ??? ???????? ??????????. ??????, ??? ???? 6346, ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????????.
????? ??????, ????? ???? ?????????? Shareaza, ???????? ?????? ???????? (???? ??????????? > ????????? Shareaza...) ? ?????????? ? ?????? ???????? > ??????????. ?????? ????????? ????, ????????? '????'. ??? - ????, ??????? ?????????? Shareaza (?? ?????? ???????? ???, ???? ??????, ??? ????? ???????? ????? 2000 ? 65535). ???? ?? ???????? ????, ????? ????? ????????????? Shareaza, ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????????. ?????????, ????? ????????????? ????????? ??? ?? ???????. ?? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????, ?????? ???? ? ??? ??? ?? ?????????, ?? ???????. ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ?????????? Shareaza, ?????? ???? ??????? ????? "???? ??????? ???????? ??????????". ???? ??? ??????????, ???????? ??? ?????????.
?????????: ?????? ????? ???????????, ????? ?? ???????, ????????? ?? ??????????! ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???, ??? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ????????? Shareaza, ??? ? ??? ???? ????????, ?? ?????? ????? ????????. Shareaza ????? ???????? ???, ??? ???? ?? ?? ????????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????. ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????.
???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???????????????? ?????????, ??????? ?? ???????????. (???? ??? ??? ? ??????, ????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? shareaza)
- BlackICE PC Protection
- McAfee Personal Firewall
- Norton Internet Worm Protection
- Norton Personal Firewall 2002
- Sygate
- Trend Micro PC-cillin Internet Security 11.10
- Trend Micro PC-Cillin internet security 2004 personal firewall
- Trend Micro PC-Cillin internet security 2006 personal firewall
- Windows XP built-in firewall
- Windows XP SP2 built-in firewall
- ZoneAlarm FREE/Pro
?????????: ? ??????, ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????, ??? ??? ???????????????, ?????????, ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ? ????? Shareaza ??? ????? ??????????, TCP ? UDP.
????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????, ??? ??????????? ?????? IP ????? ?????? ? IP ?????? ???????. ????? ???????? ????? ??????????, ??. ????? ????: "3. ??? ? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ? ???? ???????"
?????! ?? ???????? ???????????????? ??? PC ??? ????????????? ???????????? IP. ?????, ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ? ??? ??????, ???? ?? ???????????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? IP. ???????, ????????? DHCP, ???? ??? ?????? ????????. (????????? ?? ?? ??????????, ? ?? ?? ???????.)
???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???????????????? ????????? ????????. ????????? ??????????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? (??. ???? ?????? ????????).
- Cisco 67x DSL Router
- D-Link DSL-500/504 Router
- D-Link routers from DI-514 to DI-824VUP Router|nocache
- Inventel DWB200 Wireless
- Lancom Systems or Elsa Router
- Linksys BEFSR41 and other Routers
- Motorola WR850G Wireless Router
- NETGEAR WGT624 Wireless Router
- SMC7004AWBR Wireless Router
- Smoothwall and other Linux systems
- Teledat DSL Router Komfort
- Zoom 5551A
- U.S. Robotics USR8054 802.11g Wireless Turbo Router
?? ??????????? ??? ????????? Shareaza ???????????:
- ????????? ??????? (??????? ??????) (www.portforward.com)
?????????: ? ??? ????? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? (??? ??????????????? ??????? ???) ?? ?????? IRC, ? ???-???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????. ??? ?????????? ???? ????????, ? ???????? ??? ???? ????.